Hydrogen cyanide
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CAS
74-90-8
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HCN
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RTECS
MW6825000
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Synonyms & Trade Names
Formonitrile, Hydrocyanic acid, Prussic acid
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DOT ID & Guide
1051 / 117 (>20% solution)
1051 / 117 (anhydrous)
1613 / 154 (< or =20% solution)
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Exposure
Limits
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NIOSH REL: ST 4.7 ppm (5 mg/m3) [skin]
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OSHA PEL†: TWA 10 ppm (11 mg/m3) [skin]
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IDLH
50 ppm
See: 74908
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Conversion
1 ppm = 1.10 mg/m3
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Physical Description
Colorless or pale-blue liquid or gas (above 78°F) with a bitter, almond-like odor. [Note: Often used as a 96% solution in water.]
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MW: 27.0
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BP: 78°F (96%)
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FRZ: 7°F (96%)
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Sol: Miscible
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VP: 630 mmHg
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IP: 13.60 eV
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Sp.Gr: 0.69
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Fl.P: 0°F (96%)
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UEL: 40.0%
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LEL: 5.6%
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Class IA Flammable Liquid Flammable Gas
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Incompatibilities & Reactivities
Amines, oxidizers, acids, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, caustics, ammonia [Note: Can polymerize at 122-140°F.]
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Measurement Methods
NIOSH 6010, 6017
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods |
Personal Protection & Sanitation (See protection)
Skin: Prevent skin contact
Eyes: Prevent eye contact
Wash skin: When contaminated
Remove: When wet (flammable)
Change: No recommendation
Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench
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First Aid (See procedures)
Eye: Irrigate immediately
Skin: Water flush immediately
Breathing: Respiratory support
Swallow: Medical attention immediately
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Respirator Recommendations
NIOSH
Up to 47 ppm:
(APF = 10) Any supplied-air respirator
Up to 50 ppm:
(APF = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode
(APF = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece
(APF = 50) Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece
Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions:
(APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode
(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape:
(APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted canister providing protection against the compound of concern/Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
Important additional information about respirator selection
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Exposure Routes
inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
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Symptoms
Asphyxia; lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), headache, confusion; nausea, vomiting; increased rate and depth of respiration or respiration slow and gasping; thyroid, blood changes
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Target Organs
central nervous system, cardiovascular system, thyroid, blood
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See also: INTRODUCTION
See ICSC CARD: 0492 See MEDICAL TESTS: 0117
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